Message Design (Graphic and Text Design) (Week 4- 19.03.2020)

Message Design 

(Graphic and Text Design)




Multimedia Learning can be defined as learning that occurs when students build mental representations from words and pictures that are presented to them. Mayer defines Multimedia Learning as ‘presentation of material using both words (spoken or printed) and pictures (illustrations, photos, animation, or video).
Instructors  design messages that explore how various media and delivery systems might be used more effectively to help optimize instructional communications  within context specific instructional situations and learner needs.

According to the multimedia learning theory there are 3 principles.
1.      The Dual Channels principle, states that our learners have two independent cognitive systems for processing visual and auditory information
2.      The Limited Capacity principle, states that our learners have limited working memory resources
3.      The Active Processing principle, states that to learn students need to focus on relevant information, organize that information for themselves, and relate that information to previous schemata.


Based on  these principles Mayer proposes a model that intends to foster understanding through direct instruction and it is suitable for text-based learning, lecture and multimedia environments, in which manipulation is not possible.
According to the SOI (Select, Organize, and Integrate) Model, instructors should select relevant words & images, organize selected words & images and integrate word-based & image-based representations.

Design elements are the basic units of any visual design which form its structure and convey visual messages. The principles of visual design include balance, unity, proximity, contrast, emphasis, and alignment. Line, shape, form, value, color, space, texture, and typeface are the elements of visual design.

In order to handle the cognitive load instructors should consider principles of visual design. These principles can improve student learning and their readability. These principles allow designers of instructional messages to optimize learning.


References
Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia Learning. Cambridge University Press.

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